The 20% Rule

Industry standard: Expect to spend 20% of your initial development cost annually on maintenance. If your app cost $50k, budget $10k/year.

Server and Infrastructure

Hosting, database, and storage costs scale with users. Startups might pay little initially, but success increases bills quickly.

Third-Party Services

SaaS subscriptions add up: Analytics, push notifications, payment gateways, emailing services, maps APIs.

OS Updates and Compatibility

Apple and Google update OSs annually. Apps often break or look dated. You must update SDKs and test against new versions.

Bug Fixes and Monitoring

All software has bugs. New devices introduce new edge cases. Ongoing QA and developer hours are required for stabilization.

Marketing and User Support

Customer acquisition and retention are ongoing costs. Support staff are needed to answer emails and reviews.

Content Updates

Stale apps die. Budget for fresh content creation, creative assets, and feature enhancements to keep users engaged.